Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) in clinical application (Approved/BLA, phaseI/II/III)

SOCAIL MEDIA

FDA approved Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) for clinical use

Clinically, most of the ADC drugs approved by FDA are IgG1, and the targets are CD33, CD22, HER2 and so on. The most common payload is MMAE, also contains calicheamicin, DM1. ADC drugs are mainly used in the field of antitumor, which is one of the hot research directions in recent years. At present, 11 ADC drugs have been approved in the world, including Mylotarg (Pfizer), adcetris (Seattle genetics / Takeda), kadcyla (Roche), besponsa (Pfizer), lumoxiti (AstraZeneca), Polivy (Roche), padcev (Seattle genetics / anstelai / MSD), enhertu (AstraZeneca / first third party), trodelvy (immunomedicine), blenrep (GSK) Akalux (Rakuten Aspyrian)1. From the perspective of listed drug R & D enterprises, Pfizer, Seattle genetics, Roche and AstraZeneca have two models respectively, and the other three companies have one model respectively.

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) currently under clinical investigation

There are currently 82 novel ADCs in 150 active clinical trials registered with clinicaltrials.gov for cancer patients. Most of the ADCs are currently under investigation in phase 1 trials, while a small percentage has advanced to phase 3. Of the 150 ongoing trials, more than 80% are evaluating ADC safety and efficacy in solid tumors whereas less than 20% are trials for hematological malignancies. There are 43 disclosed targets organized here by the number of ADCs designed to recognize them. Most of these targets are under evaluation by a single ADC, while some are being investigated by several different ADCs. Of the 82 novel ADCs, followed by DNA-damaging molecules, topoisomerase I inhibitors, and finally unique payloads such as TLR agonists, a BCL2-xL inhibitor, and an RNA polymerase II inhibitor. Many payloads can’t be disclosed. Most ADCs under clinical investigation either utilize the conventional cysteine conjugation strategy or site-specific conjugation linker while few conjugate to surface lysines. 2

Novel Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) in Clinical Trials

More than 80 ADCs are currently in active clinical trials, with a majority in phase I and I/II. Over 80% of the clinical trials are investigating ADC safety and efficacy in various solid tumors, while the remaining trials involve hematological malignancies. HER2 is currently one of the most attractive targets for ADC development, with three anti-HER2 ADCs currently in phase III trials. One such anti-HER2 ADC is RC48, produced by RemeGen, joining an IgG1 anti-HER2 antibody, hertuzumab, to approximately four MMAE molecules via a protease-cleavable valine-citrulline linker through cysteine conjugation.3

Reference

1. Coats S, Williams M, Kebble B, Dixit R, Tseng L, Yao NS, Tice DA, Soria JC. Antibody-Drug Conjugates: Future Directions in Clinical and Translational Strategies to Improve the Therapeutic Index. Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Sep 15;25(18):5441-5448. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-0272. Epub 2019 Apr 12. PMID: 30979742.
2. Abedi M , Cohan R A , Mahboudi F , et al. MALDI-MS: a Rapid and Reliable Method for Drug-to-Antibody Ratio Determination of Antibody-Drug Conjugates[J]. Iranian biomedical journal, 2019, 23(6).
3. Xuejing, Yao, Jing, et al. A novel humanized anti-HER2 antibody conjugated with MMAE exerts potent anti-tumor activity[J]. Breast Cancer Research Treatment, 2015.

Product List

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Products Name (INN Index)
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Pre-Made Anetumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-MSLN Antibody: Anti-MPF/SMRP therapeutic antibody
Anetumab
NA
MSLN
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Aprutumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-FGFR2 Antibody: Anti-BBDS/BEK/BFR-1/CD332/CEK3/CFD1/ECT1/JWS/K-SAM/KGFR/TK14/TK25 therapeutic antibody
Aprutumab
NA
FGFR2
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Azintuxizumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-SLAMF7/CS1 Antibody: Anti-19A/CD319/CRACC therapeutic antibody
Azintuxizumab
NA
SLAMF7/CS1
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Belantamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-TNFRSF17 Antibody: Anti-BCM/BCMA/CD269/TNFRSF13A therapeutic antibody
Belantamab
NA
TNFRSF17
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Brentuximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-TNFRSF8 Antibody: Anti-CD30/Ki-1/D1S166E therapeutic antibody
Brentuximab
NA
TNFRSF8
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Camidanlumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-IL2RA Antibody: Anti-CD25/IDDM10/IL2R/IMD41/TCGFR/p55 therapeutic antibody
Camidanlumab
NA
IL2RA
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Cantuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-MUC1 Antibody: Anti-ADMCKD/ADMCKD1/ADTKD2/CA 15-3/CD227/Ca15-3/EMA/H23AG/KL-6/MAM6/MCD/MCKD/MCKD1/SEC/X/ZD/PEM/PEMT/PUM therapeutic antibody
Cantuzumab
NA
MUC1
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Cofetuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-PTK7 Antibody: Anti-CCK-4/CCK4 therapeutic antibody
Cofetuzumab
NA
PTK7
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Coltuximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD19 Antibody: Anti-B4/CVID3 therapeutic antibody
Coltuximab
NA
CD19
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Denintuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD19 Antibody: Anti-B4/CVID3 therapeutic antibody
Denintuzumab
NA
CD19
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Depatuxizumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-EGFR Antibody: Anti-ERBB/ERRP/HER1/mENA/ERBB1/PIG61/NISBD2 therapeutic antibody
Depatuxizumab
NA
EGFR
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Disitamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-ERBB2/HER2 Antibody: Anti-CD340/neu/MLN 19/NEU/NGL/TKR1/VSCN2 therapeutic antibody
Disitamab
NA
ERBB2
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Enapotamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-AXL Antibody: Anti-ARK/UFO/JTK11/Tyro7 therapeutic antibody
Enapotamab
NA
AXL
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Enfortumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-PVRL4/NECTIN4 Antibody: Anti-EDSS1/LNIR/PRR4/nectin-4 therapeutic antibody
Enfortumab
NA
PVRL4
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Gemtuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD33 Antibody: Anti-p67/SIGLEC3/SIGLEC-3 therapeutic antibody
Gemtuzumab
NA
CD33
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Glembatumumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-GPNMB Antibody: Anti-HGFIN/NMB/PLCA3 therapeutic antibody
Glembatumumab
NA
GPNMB
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Iladatuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD79B Antibody: Anti-AGM6/B29/IGB therapeutic antibody
Iladatuzumab
NA
CD79B
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Indatuximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-SDC1 Antibody: Anti-SDC/CD138/SYND1/syndecan therapeutic antibody
Indatuximab
NA
SDC1
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Indusatumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-GUCY2C Antibody: Anti-DIAR6/GC-C/GUC2C/MECILIL/STAR therapeutic antibody
Indusatumab
NA
GUCY2C
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Inotuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD22 Antibody: Anti-SIGLEC2/SIGLEC-2 therapeutic antibody
Inotuzumab
NA
CD22
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Labetuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CEACAM5/CD66e Antibody: Anti-CEA therapeutic antibody
Labetuzumab
NA
CEACAM5
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Ladiratuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-SLC39A6 Antibody: Anti-LIV-1/LIV1/ZIP6 therapeutic antibody
Ladiratuzumab
NA
SLC39A6
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Laprituximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-EGFR Antibody: Anti-ERBB/ERRP/HER1/mENA/ERBB1/PIG61/NISBD2 therapeutic antibody
Laprituximab
NA
EGFR
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Lifastuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-SLC34A2 Antibody: Anti-NAPI-3B/NAPI-IIb/NPTIIb/PULAM therapeutic antibody
Lifastuzumab
NA
SLC34A2
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Lilotomab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD37 Antibody: Anti-GP52-40/TSPAN26 therapeutic antibody
Lilotomab
NA
CD37
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Loncastuximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD19 Antibody: Anti-B4/CVID3 therapeutic antibody
Loncastuximab
NA
CD19
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Lorvotuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-NCAM1 Antibody: Anti-CD56/NCAM/MSK39 therapeutic antibody
Lorvotuzumab
NA
NCAM1
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Losatuxizumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-EGFR Antibody: Anti-ERBB/ERRP/HER1/mENA/ERBB1/PIG61/NISBD2 therapeutic antibody
Losatuxizumab
NA
EGFR
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Lupartumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-LYPD3 Antibody: Anti-C4.4A therapeutic antibody
Lupartumab
NA
LYPD3
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Milatuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb, Anti-CD74 Antibody: Anti-CLIP/DHLAG/HLADG/II/Ia-GAMMA/p33 therapeutic antibody
Milatuzumab
NA
CD74
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Mirvetuximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-FOLR1 Antibody: Anti-FBP/FOLR/FRalpha/NCFTD therapeutic antibody
Mirvetuximab
NA
FOLR1
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Naratuximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD37 Antibody: Anti-GP52-40/TSPAN26 therapeutic antibody
Naratuximab
NA
CD37
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Pelgifatamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-FOLH1/GCPII Antibody: Anti-FGCP/FOLH/GCP2/NAALAD1/PSM/PSMA/mGCP therapeutic antibody
Pelgifatamab
NA
FOLH1
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Pinatuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD22 Antibody: Anti-SIGLEC2/SIGLEC-2 therapeutic antibody
Pinatuzumab
NA
CD22
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Polatuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD79B Antibody: Anti-AGM6/B29/IGB therapeutic antibody
Polatuzumab
NA
CD79B
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Rolinsatamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-PRLR Antibody: Anti-HPRL/MFAB/RI-PRLR/hPRLrI therapeutic antibody
Rolinsatamab
NA
PRLR
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Rovalpituzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-DLL3 Antibody: Anti-SCDO1 therapeutic antibody
Rovalpituzumab
NA
DLL3
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Sacituzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-TACSTD2 Antibody: Anti-EGP-1/EGP1/GA733-1/GA7331/GP50/M1S1/TROP2 therapeutic antibody
Sacituzumab
NA
TACSTD2
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Samrotamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-LRRC15 Antibody: Anti-LIB therapeutic antibody
Samrotamab
NA
LRRC15
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Serclutamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-EGFR Antibody: Anti-ERBB/ERRP/HER1/mENA/ERBB1/PIG61/NISBD2 therapeutic antibody
Serclutamab
NA
EGFR
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Sirtratumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-SLITRK6 Antibody: Anti-DFNMYP therapeutic antibody
Sirtratumab
NA
SLITRK6
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Sofituzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-MUC16 Antibody: Anti-CA125 therapeutic antibody
Sofituzumab
NA
MUC16
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Tabituximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-FZD10 Antibody: Anti-CD350/FZ-10/Fz10/FzE7/hFz10 therapeutic antibody
Tabituximab
NA
FZD10
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Tamrintamab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-DPEP3 Antibody: Anti-MBD3 therapeutic antibody
Tamrintamab
NA
DPEP3
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Telisotuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-MET Antibody: Anti-AUTS9/DFNB97/HGFR/RCCP2/c-Met therapeutic antibody
Telisotuzumab
NA
MET
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Vadastuximab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD33 Antibody: Anti-p67/SIGLEC3/SIGLEC-3 therapeutic antibody
Vadastuximab
NA
CD33
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Vandortuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-STEAP1 Antibody: Anti-PRSS24/STEAP therapeutic antibody
Vandortuzumab
NA
STEAP1
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Vorsetuzumab biosimilar, Whole mAb ADC, Anti-CD70/CD27-L Antibody: Anti-CD27L/LPFS3/CD27LG/TNFSF7/TNLG8A therapeutic antibody
Vorsetuzumab
NA
CD70
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Tabituximab Barzuxetan Biosimilar, Whole Mab Adc, Anti-Fzd10 Antibody: Anti-CD350/FZ-10/Fz10/FzE7/hFz10 therapeutic antibody Drug Conjugate
tabituximab barzuxetan
NA
FZD10
Whole mAb ADC
Pre-Made Tamrintamab Pamozirine Biosimilar, Whole Mab Adc, Anti-Dpep3 Antibody: Anti-MBD3 therapeutic antibody Drug Conjugate
tamrintamab pamozirine
NA
DPEP3
Whole mAb ADC
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